Q 1 – Which of the following is an abiotic component of an ecosystem?
(a) Bacteria
(b) Plants
(c) Fungi
(d) Humus
Q 2 – Which of the following belongs to the category of primary consumers?
(a) Eagle and snake
(b) Grasshopper and cattle
(c) Snake and frog
(d) Water beetle and fish
Q 3 – Food web helps in
(a) providing alternative pathways of food availability
(b) checking the overpopulation
(c) ecosystem stability
(d) all of these.
Q 4 – As it travels along the food chains, the
concentration of DDT
(a) increases
(b) remains constant
(c) decreases
(d) fluctuates randomly
Q 5 – Shorter food chains provide
(a) more energy
(b) less energy
(c) same energy
(d) any of these.
Q 6 – In a grazing food chain, primary consumers (herbivores) represent
(a) T1 level
(b) T2 level
(c) T3 level
(d) T4 level.
Q 7 – Which of the following does not help in protecting our environment?
(a) Crop rotation
(b) Treatment of sewage
(c) Deforestation
(d) Judicious use of fertilizers
Q 8 – Now-a-days, which type of cups are being generally used in trains for serving tea/coffee/ soup etc. on daily basis?
(a) Washable glass cups
(b) Washable plastic cups
(c) Disposable paper cups
(d) Disposable cups made of plastic
Q 9 – Green house gas produced by incomplete decomposition by anaerobic methanogens is
(a) CH4
(b) CFCs
(c) CO2
(d) N2O
Q 10 – Of the total amount of energy that passes from one trophic level to another in a food chain, about 10% is
(a) transpired
(b) burnt in respiration
(c) stored in body tissues
(d) lost as heat
Q 11 – If there was no CO2 in the atmosphere, the earth’s temperature would be
(a) less than the present temperature
(b) same as the present temperature
(c) higher than the present temperature
(d) dependent on O2 content of air.
Q 12 – In the following groups of materials, which group(s) contains only non biodegradable items?
I. Wood, paper, leather
II. Polythene, detergent, PVC
III. Plastic, detergent, grass
IV. Plastic, bakelite, DDT
(a) III
(b) IV
(c) I and III
(d) II and IV
Q 13 – In the given figure, the various trophic levels are shown in a pyramid. At which trophic level is maximum energy available?
(a) T4
(b) T2
(c) T1
(d) T3
Q 14 – Which group of organisms together do not constitute a food chain?
I . Grass, lion, rabbit, wolf
II. Plankton, man, hawk
III. Wolf, grass, snake, tiger
IV. Frog, snake, eagle, grass, grasshopper
(a) I and III
(b) III and IV
(c) II and III
(d) I and IV
Q 15 – Fish that feeds on zooplanktons is a
(a) primary consumer
(b) secondary consumer
(c) tertiary consumer
(d) decomposer.
Q 16 – Which of the following pyramids is always upright?
(a) Pyramid of energy
(b) Pyramid of biomas
(c) Pyramid of numbers
(d) None of these
Q 17 – Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) A food chain is always straight.
(b) Producers belong to second trophic levels.
(c) Top carnivore are fourth order consumers.
(d) Consumers obtain organic nutrients from outside as food.
Q 18 – Select the mismatched pair.
(a) Crop field – Natural ecosystem
(b) Garden – Man made ecosystem
(c) Temperature – Abiotic factor
(d) Grass – Transducer
Q 19 – DDT was accidently added to the water of a lake. All the organisms in it would be affected by DDT. Which of the following organisms would be affected the most?
(a) Man
(b) Birds living in the lake
(c) Fish living in the lake
(d) Aquatic plants in the lake
Q 20 – The thinning of ozone layer was first observed in
(a) 1980s
(b) 1950s
(c) 1940s
(d) 1990s.
Q 21 – Ozone layer is essential because it absorbs
most of the
(a) infrared radiations
(b) solar radiations
(c) ultraviolet radiations
(d) both (a) and (b).
Q 22 – Burning of waste substances usually in anaerobic conditions at high temperature of about 670?C is called
(a) land filling
(b) composting
(c) incineration
(d) none of these
Q 23 – Select the odd one out.
(a) Tomato leaves
(b) Wood
(c) Synthetic polymers
(d) Lime juice
Q 24 – Complete the given analogy.
Non-biodegradable : _________ ::
Biodegradable : Livestock wastes
(a) Cotton
(b) Grass
(c) Glass
(d) Orange peel
Q 25 – Which of the following groups contain nonbiodegradable substances only?
(a) Flowers, crops, plastic
(b) Plastic, polythene bags, aluminium cans
(c) Grass, wood, glass
(d) Fruit and vegetable peels, grass, wood
Q 26 – Select the incorrect statement.
(a) Food we eat is digested by various enzymesin our body.
(b) Non-biodegradable substances are not broken down by biological processes.
(c) All enzymes have same action on each substance.
(d) Plastics cannot be broken down by the action of bacteria and other saprophytes.
Q 27 – Minamata disease is due to
(a) MIC gas
(b) methyl mercury
(c) lead nitrate
(d) cobalt chloride.
Q 28 – According to Charles Elton, which is not correct?
(a) Carnivores at the top of the pyramid.
(b) Producers at the top of the pyramid.
(c) Energy trapping is high at the top of the pyramid.
(d) Both (b) and (c)
Q 29 – Which of the following statements regarding solid wastes is correct?
(a) Change in the packaging technology has
resulted in generation of lot of solid wastes.
(b) Dumping of solid wastes could reduce the fertility of the soil leading to reduction in crop yield.
(c) Accumulation of solid waste could cause increased incidents of disease in a locality.
(d) All of these
Q 30 – Incineration and pyrolysis are two methods of waste disposal done at high temperature. The two differs from each other as in later
(a) aerobic burning occurs
(b) chemical energy and chemical constituents are recovered
(c) ashes are the end products
(d) medical wastes are burnt with clinkers as the end product.
Case I : Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 31 to 35.
Grazing food chains are directly dependent upon solar radiations as the primary source of energy. Green plants (or producers) form the first trophic level of the food chain. They synthesise their food by the process of photosynthesis. Herbivores or
primary consumers feed upon the producers and form the second trophic level. Herbivores are eaten by carnivores of different categories. These are longer food chains.
Q 31 – Given below are 5 grazing food chains operating in the nature
P Q R
(a) Frog Deer Aquatic insect
(b) Frog Elephant Phytoplankton
(c) Tadpole Deer Zooplankton
(d) Dog Elephant Algae
Q 32 – According to the given food chains which of the following animals is both secondary and tertiary consumer?
(a) Rabbit
(b) Tiger
(d) Small fish
(c) Eagle
Q 33 – Top consumer in which of the following food chains will have the maximum energy?
(a) Food chain A
(b) Food chain B
(c) Food chain C
(d) Food chain D
Q 34 – If energy present in producers of food chain D is 20,000 KJ. Then amount of energy present in its secondary consumer will be
(a) 2000 KJ
(b) 20 KJ
(c) 2 KJ
(d) 200 KJ.
Q 35 – What will be the shape of pyramid of biomass of food chain E?
Case II : Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 36 to 40.
Various components of an ecosystem maintain a balance in nature. Disturbance in any component of the environment cause an imbalance. One of the main environmental problem caused by human activities is global warming. Global warming is a phenomenon caused by the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere resulting due to enhanced greenhouse effect.
Q 36 – Refer to the given pie chart showing the contribution of different gases to global warming.
Identify gases P, Q, R and S and select the incorrect statement regarding them.
(a) P could be a gas that increases in atmosphere due to excessive use of fossil fuel.
(b) Q could be a gas produced by complete combustion of biomass.
(c) R could be synthetic gaseous compounds used as refrigerants in air conditioners and refrigerators.
(d) S could be a gas produced by combustion of nitrogen rich fuel.
Q 37 – What could not be a source of gas Q given in the above pie chart?
(a) Flooded paddy field
(b) Cattle
(c) Jet fuel
(d) Marshes
Q 38 – If there is no CO2 in the atmosphere, then what will be the most likely consequence of this on the temperature of earth?
(a) The temperature remain unchanged as it depends upon the oxygen content of the atmosphere.
(b) The temperature would increase as less greenhouse gases will be absorbed by CO2
(c) The temperature would decrease as CO2 is the principal greenhouse gas.
(d) None of these
Q 39 – Study carefully the following figure representing greenhouse effect.
Select the correct statement regarding this.
(a) Much of the long wavelength infrared radiations re-radiated by the earth’s surface are absorbed by the atmospheric greenhouse gases.
(b) CO2, CH4, CFCs and N2O are the gases which are responsible for greenhouse effect.
(c) The atmosphere is transparent to the incoming short-wavelength radiations and is translucent to the long-wavelength infrared radiations.
(d) All of these
Q 40 – Greenhouse effect is due to
(a) accumulation of O3 and depletion of CO2
(b) accumulation of both O3 and CO2
(c) accumulation of CO2 and depletion of O3
(d) presence of green plants on the earth.
A statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct
answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false, but reason is true.
Q 41 – Assertion : There is always an interaction between neighbouring or distant ecosystems.
Reason : An ecosystem is recognised as self – regulating and self – sustaining entity.
Q 42 – Assertion : Pyramid of biomass may be upright or inverted.
Reason : Pyramid showing total biomass produced per unit time is always upright.
Q 42 – Assertion : Pyramid of biomass may be upright or inverted.
Reason : Pyramid showing total biomass produced per unit time is always upright.
Q 43 – Assertion : Man is a social and cultured animal.
Reason : He developed socio-cultural environment and lives in it.
Q 44 – Assertion : Ozone depletion can be reduced by limiting the use of air conditioners and refrigerators.
Reason : Air conditioner and refrigerators release chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere that destroy ozone.
Q 45 – Assertion : Paper cups are better option than plastic cups for serving tea.
Reason : Paper cups are biodegradable and can even be disposed off by burning.
Q 46 – Assertion : The burning of substances at higher temperature to form ash is called incineration.
Reason : Incineration greatly reduces the volume of waste.
Q 47 – Assertion : If pesticide is present in water bodies then fish eating birds accumulate maximum amount of DDT in their bodies.
Reason : Pesticides are not metabolised within bodies of living organisms and get concentrated at each trophic level leading to bioaccumulation.
Q 48 – Assertion : Using jute bags while shopping is more environment friendly as compared to polythene bags.
Reason : Jute is biodegradable whereas polythene bag is non- biodegradable
Q 49 – Assertion : A food chain comprises of producers and consumers.
Reason : Consumers can be herbivores, carnivores and omnivores.
Q 50 – Assertion : We live in troposphere.
Reason : Our atmosphere extends beyond troposphere also.