Q 1 – What is the natural environment comprised of?
Ans – The natural environment comprises land, water, air, plants and animals
Q 2 – What is Hydrosphere?
Ans – Hydrosphere is the domain of water. It comprises various sources of water such as rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, etc. It is essential for all living organisms.
Q 3 – What all are the part of our environment?
Ans – Our Surroundings constitute the environment. Buildings furniture like tables, chairs, open fields, roads, garbage
etc. are all part of our environment. Some things like mountains, rivers, trees are created by nature. Others
like chair, table, roads and clothes are made by man.
Q 4 – What holds the gravitational force of the earth.
Ans – The atmosphere holds the gravitational force of the earth
Q 5 – When is World’s Environment Day celebrated?
Ans – The World’s Environment Day is celebrated on 5 June every year.
Q 6 – Why is our environment changing?
Ans –
- It is all because of our needs.
- They are increasing day by day.
- We are therefore modifying and at times even destroying our natural surroundings.
Q 7 – How is atmosphere useful for us?
Ans – The atmospheric layer is very useful for us. It protects us from the harmful sun rays called ultraviolet rays and scorching heat of the sun.
Q 8 – What is an ecosystem?
Ans – Ecosystem is a system formed by the interaction of all living organisms with each other and with the physical and chemical factors of the environment in which they live, all linked by the transfer of energy and material.
Q 9 – How do human beings modify the environment?
Ans – Environment provides the basic life support system like air, water, food and land. The man-made things like car pollute the air, factories build on land, containers for food and water are examples of modification of environment.
Q 10 – What is meant by environment?
Ans – The place, people, things and nature that surround any living organism is called the environment
Q 11 – How is the environment made?
Ans – It is a combination of natural and human-made phenomena.
Q 12 – What is the natural environment?
Ans – Land, water, air, plants and animals comprise the natural environment.
Q 13 – Distinguish between biotic and abiotic environments.
Ans –
Biotic Environment
The world of living organisms is called a biotic environment.
Examples: Plants and animals.
Abiotic Environment
The world of non-living elements is called an abiotic environment.
Example: Land.
Q 14 – What is the lithosphere?
Ans – Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth.
Q 15 – How is the lithosphere made up of?
Ans – It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil.
Q 16 – Where are landforms found?
Ans – Landforms are found over the continents and also on the ocean floor.
Q 17 – Name the domain that provides us forests, grasslands for grazing, land for agriculture and human settlements.
Ans – Lithosphere.
Q 18 – Define biosphere.
Ans – Plants and animal kingdoms together make the biosphere or the living world. It is a narrow zone of the earth where land, water and air interact with each other to support life.
Q 19 – What forms an ecosystem?
Ans – The relation between the living organisms, as well as the relation between the organisms and their surroundings, form an ecosystem.
Q 20 – What comes under the natural component of the environment?
Ans – Land (lithosphere), air (atmosphere), water (hydrosphere) and living things (biosphere)
Q 21 – What comes under the human-made component of the environment?
Ans – Buildings, parks, bridges, roads, industries and monuments.
Q 22 – What comes under the human component of the environment?
Ans – Individual, family, community, religion, educational, economic and political situation.
Q 23 – Why is the environment changing?
Ans – Environment is changing because of our needs. They are increasing day by day; we are therefore modifying and at times even destroying our natural surroundings
Q 24 – What is a hydrosphere?
Ans – The domain of water is referred to as the hydrosphere.
Q 25 – Give an account of the atmosphere.
Ans – 1. The atmosphere is the thin layer of air that surrounds the earth.
2. The gravitational force of the earth holds the atmosphere around it.
3. It protects us from the harmful rays and scorching heat of the sun.
4. It consists of numerous gases, dust and water vapour.
5. The changes in the atmosphere produce changes in the weather and climate.
Q 26 – Define the term ‘Biosphere’.
Ans – Biosphere: Plants and animals found in the narrow strip at the junction of lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere together make biosphere.
Q 27 – What is the atmosphere?
Ans – Thin layer of air that surrounds the earth
Q 28 – What do you understand by the term “Ecosystem”?
Ans – Ecosystem: An ecosystem is formed by the interaction of all living organisms with one another and with the physical and chemical factors of the environment in which they live. All are linked by the transfer of energy and material. They are interdependent.
Q 29 – What holds the atmosphere around the earth?
Ans – The gravitational force of the earth holds the atmosphere around it
Q 30 – Compare and contrast the climatic conditions of Kerala and Rajasthan
Ans – Kerala, a southern state of India gets ample rainfall. It has lush green vegetation and coconut plantations. Rajasthan, on the other hand, gets very less rainfall. It has thorny bushes, kikar and babul as vegetation.
Q 31 – What causes changes in the weather and climate?
Ans – The changes in the atmosphere produce changes in the weather and climate.
Q 32 – Name some animals found in deserts.
Ans – Camels, snakes, lizards, insects are found in deserts.
Q 33 – What makes the biosphere?
Ans – Plants and animal kingdoms together make a biosphere.
Q 34 – What is barter system?
Ans – It is a trade in which goods are exchanged without the use of money.
Q 35 – Why do the animals and vegetation vary from place to place?
Ans – Animals and vegetation vary from place to place because
- They are dependent on their immediate surroundings
- (b)They depend on the environmental conditions like climate, soil, water etc.
- All of them sire interdependent on each other.
Q 36 – What enables large-scale production?
Ans – Industrial revolution enabled large scale production
Q 37 – What forms the ecosystem? Give some examples of ecosystems.
Ans – The relationship between the living organisms and their surroundings form the ecosystem. Rain forest, grassland, deserts, mountains, lake, river, ocean and pond are some of the examples of ecosystems
Q 38 – What made communication easier and speedy across the world?
Ans – The information revolution made communication easier and speedy across the world.
Q 39 – How does human beings use the environment?
Ans – Human beings use the environment to fulfill their needs. The needs of humans are increasing day by day. They are dependent environment. They fulfilled their needs/requirements from the nature around them.
Q 40 – Who invited Ravi to visit his/her hometown in Mizoram during the upcoming summer vacation?
Ans – Nurie, a girl from Ravi’s class.
Q 41 – What is biotic?
Ans – The world of living organisms e.g. plants and animals are called biotic.
Q 42 – What is abiotic?
Ans – The world of non-living elements, e.g. land.
Q 43 – What are the components of the environment?
Ans – There are three components of environment-natural, human-made and human.
Q 44 – Name one thing that comes under the natural component of the environment
Ans – Air (atmosphere)
Q 45 – Name one thing that comes under the human-made component of environment.
Ans – Industries.
Q 46 – Define barter system.
Ans – Barter system is the exchange of goods without the use of money.
Q 47 – Name two things that comes under human component of environment.
Ans – Religion and economy.
Q 48 – What is a source of mineral wealth?
Ans – Lithosphere.
Q 49 – What is environment?
Ans – The surrounding in which we live forms environment. It is the basic life support system having natural and
man-made components.
- The people, the place, the things, the nature and the living organisms that surround us are called
environment. - It is a combination of natural and human made phenomena.
- The natural environment refers to both biotic and abiotic conditions existing on the earth.
- Human environment reveals the activities, creations and interactions among human beings.
Q 50 – What has brought a change in the interaction between humans and their surroundings?
Ans – Human being modifies nature according to their need. Early humans adapted themselves to their natural surroundings. They led a simple life fulfilling their needs from nature
With changes in needs, new methods and technologies were invented. Settled life brought agriculture domestication of animals. The invention of wheel, surplus food led to the development of trade and commerce.
A barter system emerged.
The industrial revolution, changes in transportation increased production. Growth in communication systems made life easier and speedy. Humans learned new ways to use and change their surroundings.
Q 51 – What is gravitational force?
Ans – The gravitational force holds the atmosphere around the earth. It protects us from the harmful rays and scorching heat of the sun. It consists of a number of gases, dust and water vapour.
Q 52 – What is important for a harmonious life?
Ans – Certain things are used in a certain way like watermelon in summer or roasted peanuts in winter. We need a balance between natural and human environment. Human beings must use their natural environment in a sustainable way to maintain balance.
Q 53 – Give an account of the atmosphere.
Ans –
- The atmosphere is the thin layer of air that surrounds the earth.
- The gravitational force of the earth holds the atmosphere around it.
- It protects us from the harmful rays and scorching heat of the sun.
- It consists of numerous gases, dust and water vapour.
- The changes in the atmosphere produce changes in the weather and climate.
Q 54 – What do you understand by the term ‘Lithosphere*? Describe in brief.
Ans – Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth. It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil. The lithosphere is an irregular surface with various landforms such as mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys, etc. The lithosphere is the domain that provides us forests, grasslands, agricultural land and human settlements. It is also a source of mineral wealth.
Q 55 – What do you mean by the atmosphere? Describe in brief
Ans – The atmosphere is the thin layer of air that surrounds the earth. The gravitational force of the earth holds the atmosphere around it. It protects us from the harmful rays and scorching heat of the sun. It consists of a number of gases, dust and water vapour. The changes in the atmosphere produce changes in the weather and climate.
Q 56 – What do you understand about Barter System?
Ans – It is a trade in which goods are exchanged without the use of money. In this system, the goods are exchanged with the goods or you can say that goods are exchanged between the two needy people.
Q 57 – Why was the environment quite well during the early period?
Ans – There were very limited needs of early men. There were no industries, transport or other means which could produce harmful gases. The early man did not have the use of chemical products such as pesticides and fertilizers etc. The quantum of garbage was very limited. All these things affect the environment and thus in the early period our environment was quite well.
Q 58 – Describe the various causes which affect our environment
Ans – Human activities on earth affect whole environment. The causes which affect our environment can be listed as follows:
(i) Industries and means of transports which release smoke;
(iii) Un-cleaned surrounding;
(iv) Polluted water and air;
(v) Unsettled domestic as well as electronic garbage etc.
Q 59 – What is important for a harmonious life?
Ans – Certain things are used in a certain way like watermelon in summer or roasted peanuts in winter. We need a balance between natural and human environment. Human beings must use their natural environment in a sustainable way to maintain balance.
Q 60 – What do you understand about the hydrosphere?
Ans – The domain of water is referred to as the hydrosphere. It comprises various sources of water and different type of water bodies like rivers, lakes, seas, oceans, etc., which are essential for all living organisms.
Q 61 – Describe briefly about the environment.
Ans –The environment is our basic life support system. It provides the air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we eat and the land where we live. The place, people, things and nature that surround any living organism is called the environment.
It is a combination of natural and human-made phenomena. While the natural environment refers to both biotic and abiotic conditions existing on earth, the human environment reveals the activities, creations and interactions among human beings. There are three components of the environment:- Natural, Human-made and Human.
Q 62 – How does human being use the environment to fulfill their needs?
Ans – Human beings interact with the environment and modify it according to their needs. Early humans adapted themselves to the natural surroundings. They led a simple life and fulfilled their requirements from the nature around them. Human learnt new ways to use and change the environment as times and need grew and became more varied.
They learnt to grow crops, domesticate animals and lead a settled life. The wheel was invented, surplus food was produced, the barter system emerged, trade started and commerce developed. The industrial revolution enabled large-scale production. Transportation became faster. Information revolution made communication easier and speedy across the world.
Q 63 – How can the environment impact living beings?
Or
What impact does the environment can have on us?
Ans – All living beings are directly associated with the environment. If the environment is good, the living beings will be healthy. If the environment is polluted the living beings will be ill or unhealthy. In an unhealthy environment, many types of diseases can turn up in human beings. These diseases may be respiratory, abdominal, eye-related and some may be as chronic. Likewise, plants also grow many diseases due to the unhealthy environment. And hence, the photosynthesis process in the plants becomes slow which results in restricting the growth and functioning of plants
Q 64 – Draw a sketch of the component of the environment.
Ans –
Q 65 – Draw a picture stating domains of the Environment.
Ans –
Q 66 – Fill in the blanks
1. Hydrosphere is a part of the biosphere
2. Two main constituents of the environment are natural and man-made
3. Lithosphere is the hard top layer of the earth.
4. Human beings modify the natural environment.
Q 67 – Write whether the given statements are true or false:
- Landforms are found only over continents. [False]
- Trade in which goods are exchanged without the use of money is called barter system . [True]
- Gravitational force of the earth holds the atmosphere around it. [True]
- No life can exist in biosphere. [False]
- Abiotic environment consists of living organism. [False]
Q 68 – Match the contents of Column A with that of Column B
| Column A | Column B |
| 1. Land | (a) lithosphere |
| 2. Animal, plants | (b) atmosphere |
| 3. Mountian, plateau and plains | (c) abiotic |
| 4. Gases, water vapour, dust | (d) biotic |
Ans –
| Column A | Column B |
| 1. Land | (c) abiotic |
| 2. Animal, plants | (d) biotic |
| 3. Mountian, plateau and plains | (a) lithosphere |
| 4. Gases, water vapour, dust | (b) atmosphere |