Q 1 – Fill in the blanks:
a) ___________ a craftsman manufactures the goods by using locally available raw material.
b) Industries using heavy machinery, which driven by power is ____________.
c) Agro-based industry using _________ and its raw material like __________________.
d) The industries which produce Paper, furniture, medicines is ____________.
a) Cottage industries
b) Large Scale Industry
c) Agricultural Products, tea, sugar, cotton, textile, vegetable oil. Etc
d) Forest based industry
Q 2 – Which of the following is a secondary activity?
(a) Coal mining industry
(b) Tourism industry
(c) Fishing
(d) Agriculture
. (b) Tourism industry
Q 3 – Which of the following is a private sector industry?
(a) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
(b) Tata Iron and Steel Industry
(c) Steel Authority of India
(d) National Thermal Power Corporation
(b) Tata Iron and Steel Industry
Q 4 –Which factors affect the location of industry ?
(a) Land
(b) Labour
(c) Capital
(d) All of these
(d) All of these
Q 5 – What does an industrial system consists of?
(a) Inputs
(b) Processes
(c) Output
(d) All of these
(d) All of these
Q 6 – Which metal is often called the backbone of modern industry?
(a) Steel
(b) Gold
(c) Silver
(d) Aluminium
(a) Steel
Q 7 – Which among the following is the largest lake?
(a) Huran
(b) Superior
(c) Ontario
(d) Michigan
(b) Superior
Q 8 – ITI is the full form of –
(a) Indian Training Institute
(b) Institute of Technology of India
(c) Indian Telephone Industry
(d) Industrial Technology Institute
(c) Indian Telephone Industry
Q 9 – Which is not the quality of clothes?
(a) Muslin
(b) Chintzes
(c) Calicos
(d) Osaka
(c) Small Scale industry
Q 10 – With limited capital, a food processing unit is set up in a particular village in Gujarat. This unit generates employment to that particular village. Name the type of classification of industry under which this food processing unit will come under.
(a) Forest based industry
(b) Agro based industry
(c) Small Scale industry
(d) Large Scale industry
(c) Small Scale industry
Q 11 – Which of the following can be considered as an example of the economic activity extraction of minerals from the industry sector?
(a) Tourism industry
(b) Iron and Steel industry
(c) Banking industry
(d) Coal mining industry
(d) Coal mining industry
Q 11 – Joint sector Industries are owned and operated by the state and individuals or a group of individuals. From the given list of industries, which one can be called a Joint Sector industry?
(a) Iron and Steel industry
(b) Tata Group of Companies
(c) Reliance Industries
(d) Maruti Udyog Limited
(d) Maruti Udyog Limited
Q 12 – In the light of various factors that influence industrial location, some industries have a tendency to grow close to each other. Name such areas.
(a) Industrial Structures
(b) Industrial Regions
(c) Industrial Systems
(d) Industrial Organisms
(b) Industrial Regions
Q 13 – To which category of industry (based on raw materials) does Iron made from iron ore belong to?
(a) Marine based
(b) Forest based
(c) Agro based
(d) Mineral based
(d) Mineral based
Q 14 – Name the classification of industries on the basis of raw material used by them.
The industries classified on the basis of raw materials used by them are6
- Agro-based industries
- Mineral-based industries
- Marine based industries
- Forest-based industries
Q 15 – What is Manufacturing and its importance?
The Conversion of raw material into more useful and valuable commodity with the help of machines or tools is called manufacturing. Examples: Iron ore to get steel, cotton to get cloth.
Importance of Manufacturing:
- It is the backbone of industrial development.
- It helps to reduce people’s dependence on the primary sector by providing job opportunities in the secondary sector.
- Import and export of manufactured goods brings in much needed foreign exchange.
- Countries that transform raw materials into goods of higher value prosper, therefore, India’s prosperity lies in increasing and diversifying its manufacturing industries.
Q 16 – Define Small Scale Industry.
Small Scale Industry is an extended form of cottage industry. The manufacturing is done by machines in addition to manpower. It requires small machines driven by power, small amount of capital investment and less human labour. The basic raw material is obtained from outside, if not available in local market and its finished products are sold in open market through traders. For example, paper goods, toys, furniture, edible oils, leather products etc.
Q 17 – Why was Sakchi chosen to set up the steel plant? Give reasons.
Sakchi was chosen to set up the steel plant for several reasons because:
- the place was only 32 km away from Kalimati station on the Bengal-Nagpur railway line.
- It was close to the iron ore, coal and manganese deposits as well as to Kolkata, which provided a large market.
- TISCO gets coal from Jharia coalfields, and iron ore, limestone, dolomite and manganese from Odisha and Chattisgarh.
- The Kharkai and Subarnarekha rivers ensured sufficient water supply. Government initiatives provided adequate capital for its later development.
Q 18 – How is the steel used by other industries as raw materials?
Steel is used by other industries as raw material in many ways.
- Steel is tough and it can be easily shaped, cut, or made into wire.
- Special alloys of steel can be made by adding small amount of other metals such as aluminium, nickel and copper.
- Alloys give steel unusual hardness, toughness or ability to resist rust.
- Steel is often called the backbone of modern industry.
Q 19 – How is the classification of industries done on the basis of raw materials size and ownership? Explain.
Industries are classified on the basis of raw materials, size and ownership:
- Raw materials: Industries may be agro-based, mineral-based, marine-based and forest-based depending on the type of raw materials used by them.
- Agro-based industries: These industries use plant and animal-based products as their raw materials.
- Mineral-based industries: These industries use mineral ores as their raw materials, and the products of these industries feed other industries.
- Marine based industries: They use the products from the sea and oceans as raw materials.
- Forest-based industries: It utilises forest produce as raw materials.
- Size: It refers to the amount of capital invested, number of people employed and the volume of production.
Based on size, industries can be classified into small scale and large scale industries.
- Small scale industry: Cottage or household industries are a type of small scale industry where the products are manufactured by hand, by the artisans. These industries use lesser amount of capital and technology as compared to large scale industry.
- Large scale industry: These are industries that produce large volumes of products. Investment of capital is higher and the technology used is superior in large scale industries.
- Ownership: Industries can be classified into private sector, state-owned or public sector, joint sector and cooperative sector.
- Private-sector industries: These are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals.
- Public sector industries: These are owned and operated by the government.
- Joint sector industries: These are owned and operated by the state and individuals or a group of individuals.
- Cooperative sector industries: The are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both.
Q 20 – Give two examples of the following in the space provided.
(i) Raw Materials: cotton and iron
(ii) End product: shirt and car
(iii) Tertiary Activities: banking and transport
(iv) Agro-based Industries: Food processing and leather industries
(v) Cottage Industries: Basket weaving and pottery
(vi) Co-operatives: Anand Milk Union Limited and Sudha Dairy
Q 21 – What was the cause of the Bhopal gas tragedy?
One of the worst industrial disasters of all time occurred in Bhopal on 3 December 1984 around 00:30 a.m. It was a technological accident in which highly poisonous Methyl Isocynate (MIC) gas along with Hydrogen Cyanide and other reaction products leaked out of the pesticide factory of Union Carbide. The official death toll was 3,598 in 1989. Thousands, who survived still suffer from one or many ailments like blindness, impaired immune system, gastrointestinal disorders etc.
Q 22 – Explain the factors favourable for the development of the IT industry in California.
Or
Discuss the locational advantages of Silicon Valley – California.
Locational advantages of Silicon Valley – California
- Close to some of the most advanced scientific and technological centres in the world.
- Pleasant climate with an attractive and a clean environment. Plenty of space for
development and future expansion. - Located close to major roads and airports.
- Good access to markets and skilled work force
Q 23 – Distinguish between public sector and joint sector industry.
|
Public sector industry |
Joint sector industry |
|
The public sector industries are owned and operated by the government. |
Joint sector industries are owned and operated |
|
Example: Hindustan Aeronautics |
Example: Maruti Udyog Limited |
Q 24 – Distinguish between agro-based and mineral based industry.
|
Public sector industry |
Joint sector industry |
|
The public sector industries are |
Joint sector industries are owned and operated |
|
Example: Hindustan Aeronautics |
Example: Maruti Udyog Limited |
Q 25 – Explain different aspects of the industrial system with an example.
Or
What consists an Industrial System? Explain with an example.
An industrial system consists of inputs, processes and outputs. The inputs are the raw materials, labour and costs of land, transport, power and other infrastructure. The processes include a wide range of activities that convert the raw material into finished products. The outputs are the end product and the income earned from it. In case of the textile industry the inputs may be cotton, human labour, factory and transport cost. The processes include ginning, spinning, weaving, dyeing and printing. The output is the shirt we wear.
Q 26 – What are the factors responsible for the growth of iron and steel industry in Pittsburgh?
- Some of the raw material such as coal is available locally, while the iron ore comes from
the iron mines at Minnesota, about 1500 km from Pittsburgh. - Between these mines and Pittsburgh is one of the world’s best routes for shipping ore
cheaply – the famous Great Lakes waterway. - Trains carry the ore from the Great Lakes to the Pittsburgh area.
The Ohio, the Monogahela and Allegheny rivers provide adequate water supply
Q 27 – What factors led to the establishment of cotton textile industry in Osaka?
The steel industry at Pittsburgh enjoys locational advantages.
- Some of the raw material such as coal is available locally, while the iron ore comes from
the iron mines at Minnesota, about 1500 km from Pittsburgh. - Between these mines and Pittsburgh is one of the world’s best routes for shipping ore
cheaply – the famous Great Lakes waterway. - Trains carry the ore from the Great Lakes to the Pittsburgh area.
- The Ohio, the Monogahela and Allegheny rivers provide adequate water supply.
Q 28 – Write the properties and significance of steel.
Steel is tough and it can easily be shaped, cut, or made into wire. Alloys give steel unusual hardness, toughness, or ability to resist rust.
- Steel is often called the backbone of modern industry. Ships, trains, trucks, and autos
are made largely of steel. - Even the safety pins and the needles we use are made from steel.
Oil wells are drilled with steel machinery. - Steel pipelines transport oil.
- Minerals are mined with steel equipment.
- Farm machines are mostly steel.
- Large buildings have steel framework.
Q 29 – Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of raw material used.
Industries may be agro based, mineral based, marine based and forest based depending on the type of raw materials they use.
- Agro based industries use plant and animal based products as their raw materials.
Example: Food processing, vegetable oil, cotton textile, dairy products and leather - Mineral based industries are primary industries that use mineral ores as their raw
The products of these industries feed other industries. Example: Iron and Steel
industry. - Marine based industries use products from the sea and oceans as raw materials.
Example: Industries processing sea food or manufacturing fish oil. - Forest based industries utilise forest produce as raw materials. Example: pulp and paper, pharmaceuticals and furniture industries
Q 30 – Describe briefly the classification of industries on basis of ownership.
Industries can be classified into private sector, state owned or public sector, joint sector and cooperative sector.
- Private sector industries are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals.
- The public sector industries are owned and operated by the government, such as
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and Steel Authority of India Limited. - Joint sector industries are owned and operated by the state and individuals or a group of Maruti Udyog Limited is an example of joint sector industry.
- Co-operative sector industries are owned and operated by the producers or suppliers of raw materials, workers or both. Anand Milk Union Limited and Sudha Dairy are a success stories of a co-operative venture.