Question 1. What is a tissue?
A group of cells that are similar in structure and work together to do a peculiar function is called tissue.
Question 2. What is the utility of tissues in multicellular organisms?
Tissues provide structural strength, mechanical strength, show division of labour.
Question 3. Name types of simple tissues.
The types of simple tissues are parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma and aerenchyma.
Question 4. Where is apical meristem found?
Apical meristem is found at the tip of root or shoot of the plant.
Question 5. Which tissue makes up the husk of coconut?
The husk of coconut is made of sclerenchymatous tissue.
Question 6. What are the constituents of phloem?
Phloem is made up of four types of elements sieve tube, companion cells, phloem fibres and phloem parenchyma.
Question 7. Name the tissue responsible for movement in our body.
Muscular tissue, 2. Nervous tissue, combination of both the tissues are responsible for movement in our body.
Question 8. What does a neuron look like?
A neuron consists of a cell body with a nucleus and cytoplasm, from which long thin hair like parts arise. Each neuron has a single long part called the axon, and many small, short branched parts called dendrite. An individual nerve cell is called neuron, it may be up to a metre long.
Question 9. Give three features of cardiac muscles.
Feature of cardiac muscles
(1) Heart muscles (cardiac muscles) are cylindrical, branched and uninucleated
(2) They are striated muscle fibres.
(3) They are involuntary muscles, cannot be controlled by us.
Question 10. What are the Junctions of areolar tissue?
Areolar tissue are connective tissues found in animal. It is found between skin and muscles, around blood vessels and nerves and in the bone marrow.
It fills the space inside the organs, supports internal organs and helps in the repair of tissues.
Question 11. Define the term “tissue”.
Group of cells that are similar in structure and perform same function is called a tissue.
Question 12. How many types of elements together make up the xylem tissue? Name them.
The xylem is made up of vessels, trachieds, xylem fibres and xylem parenchyma.
Question 13. How are simple tissues different from complex tissues in plants?
Simple tissues are made up of one type of cells which coordinate to perform a common function.
Complex tissues are made up of more than one type of cells. All these coordinate to perform a common function.
Question 14. Differentiate between parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma on the basis of their cell wall.
Parenchyma: The cells have thin cell walls made up of cellulose. Collenchyma: The cells have cell walls thickened at the comers due to pectin deposition.
Sclerenchyma: Their walls are thickened due to lignin deposition.
Question 15. What are the functions of stomata?
The outermost layer of the cell is called epidermis and is very porous. These pores are called stomata. These stomata help in transpiration and exchange of gases.
Question 16. Diagrammatically show the difference between the three types of muscle fibres.
Striated muscles
(1) They are connected to bones (Skeletal muscles).
(2) They are voluntary muscles.
(3) The cells are long, cylindrical with many nucleus and are unbranched.
Smooth muscles
(1) They are found in alimentary canal and lungs.
(2) They are involuntary muscles.
(3) They are spindle in shape and have single nucleus.
Cardiac muscles
(1) They are found in heart.
(2) They are involuntary in action.
(3) They are branched and have one nucleus.
Question 17. What is the specific function of the cardiac muscle?
(1) Cardiac muscles cells are cylindrical, branched and uninucleated.
(2) They are involuntary muscles.
(3) They show rhythmically contraction and relaxation throughout life.
(4) Their rhythmic contraction and relaxation helps in pumping action of heart.
Question 18. Differentiate between striated, unstriated and cardiac muscles on the basis of their structure and location in the body.
Question 19. Draw a labelled diagram of neuron.
Question 20. Name the following:
(1) Tissue that forms the inner lining of our mouth.
(2) Tissue that connect muscle to bone in humans.
(3) Tissue that trar-carts food in plants.
(4) Tissue that siwea j’ut in our body.
(5) Connective tissue with a fluid matrix.
(6) Tissue present in the brain.
(1) Squamous epithelium (2) Tendons
(3) Phloem (4) Areolar tissue
(5) Blood (6) Nervous tissue
Question 21. Identify the type of tissue in the following: Skin, bark of tree, bone, lining of kidney tubule, vascular bundle.
(a) Skin—Striated squamous epithelium
(b) Bark of tree—Cork, protective tissue
(c) Bone—Connective tissue
(d) Lining of kidney tubule—Cuboidal epithelium tisse
(e) Vascular bundle—Conducting tissue
Question 22. Name the regions in which parenchyma tissue is present.
In the pith of the roots and stems. When it contains chlorophyll, it is called chlorenchyma, found in green leaves. In aquatic plants, parenchyma contains large air cavities and help them to float. Such type of parenchyma is called aerenchyma.
Question 23. What is the role of epidermis in plants?
Cells of epidermis forms a continuous layer without intercellular spaces. It protects all the parts of plants.
Question 24. How does the cork act as a protective tissue?
Cork acts as a protective tissue because its cells are dead and compactly arranged without intercellular spaces. They have deposition of suberin on the walls that make them impervious to gases and water.
Question 25. Complete the table:
Question 26. Name the tissues responsible for the movement of the body.
Muscle tissue and nervous tissue
Question 27. How does neuron look like?
A neuron is the unit cell of nervous tissue. It is a thread-like structure with cell body and axon.
Question 28. Name the types of simple tissues.
(a) Parenchyma (b) Collenchyma (c) Sclerenchyma
Question 29. Name the types of complex tissues.
(a) Parenchyma (b) Collenchyma (c) Sclerenchyma
Question 30. Name the types of complex tissues.
Xylem and phloem.
Question 31. Where is apical meristem found? .
It is present at the growing tips of stem and root, it increases the length of the stem and roots.
Question 31. Which tissue make up the husk of coconut?
Sclerenchyma.
Question 32. What are the constituents of phloem?
Phloem constitutes the sieve tubes, companion cell, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres.
Question 33. Define aerenchyma.
When the cells have air-filled large cavities of parenchyma, it is called aerenchyma. Aerenchyma helps aquatic plants in floating.
Question 34. What is the utility of tissues in multicellular organisms?
It helps in growth, organisation of different organs and performing functions.
Question 35. Name the two types of tissues.
Plant tissues and animal tissues.
Question 36. Name the two types of plant tissue.
Meristematic tissue and permanent tissue.
Question 37. What is differentiation?
The process of taking up a permanent shape, size and function by cells is called differentiation.
Question 38. Name the three types of meristematic tissues.
The three types are:
(a) Apical tissue—tips of root and shoot
(b) Lateral tissue—sides of stem
(c) Intercalary tissue—at nodes
Question 39. Where is apical tissue found?
Present at the tips of roots and stems.
Question 40. Tissues present at the lateral surface of the stem are called apical tissues. Put (T) if true and put (F) if false.
Rewrite the answer if (F).
(F). Tissues present at the lateral surface of the stem are called lateral tissue.
Question 41. Which tissues are present at the nodes of the plants?
Intercalary tissue.
Question 42. What are the various types of blood cells?
There are three types:
(a) RBC’s
(b) WBC’s and
(c) Platelets.
Question 43. What are tracheids?
They are elongated cells with tapering ends.
Question 44. What are guard cells?
Each stomata is bounded by a pair of specialised kidney-shaped epidermal cells called guard cells.
Question 45. Epithelial tissue is the simplest tissue. Write (F) for false or (T) for true.
(T).
Question 46. What are the functions of cuboidal epithelium?
It helps in absorption, excretion, secretion, it also provides mechanical support.
Question 47. Give four differences between bone and cartilage.
Question 47. Give the functions of bone.
The functions of bone are:
(i) It provides shape to the body.
(ii) It provides skeletal support to the body.
(iii) It anchors the muscles.
(iv) It protects the vital body organs like brain, lungs, etc.
Question 48. Give the functions of cartilage. .
(i) It provides support and flexibility to the body parts.
(ii) It smoothens surface at joints.
Question 49. Fill in the blanks:
(i) Water and minerals are conducted by ………………….
(ii) In higher plants food is conducted by ……………………..
(iii) Blood is a ……………. tissue.
(iv) Bone consists of………….cells.
(v) Cartilage consists of………………..cells.
(vi) Fibres are absent in………….type of connective tissue.
(i) Xylem (ii) Phloem
(iii) Connective (iv) Osteocyte
(v) Chondrocyte (vi) Blood
Question 50. What are the functions of areolar tissue?
Functions are:
(i) It helps in repair of tissues after an injury.
(ii) It also helps in combating foreign toxins.
(iii) It fixes skin to underlying muscles.