Q 1 – Read the given data and find out which country has most equitable distribution of income.
| Countries | Monthly Income of Citizens in four countries in 2018 | |||||
| Citi- zen 1 | Citi- zen 2 | Citi- zen 3 | Citi- zen 4 | Citi- zen 5 | Citi- zen 6 | |
| Country A | 10500 | 11200 | 10800 | 11000 | 10700 | 10840 |
| Country B | 600 | 5000 | 600 | 600 | 600 | 1480 |
| Country C | 550 | 10500 | 400 | 7500 | 2000 | 4190 |
| Country D | 800 | 4800 | 700 | 5000 | 750 | 2410 |
(A) Country A
(B) Country B
(C) Country C
(D) Country D
Ans. Option (A) is correct
Q 2 – Which of the following statements defines Sustainable Development 712 ?
(A) Sustainable use of natural resources without considering the need of the future generation.
(B) Present generation fulfils its needs while considering the needs of the future generation as well.
(C) It means utilization of natural resources by the past, present and forthcoming future generation.
(D) To meet the needs of the future generations even if the needs of present generation go unmet.
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Q 3 –
| Column A | Column B | ||
| (A) | Landless rural la- bourers | (i) | More days of work and better wages |
| (B) | Prosperous farm- ers from Punjab | (ii) | Availability of other sources of irrigation |
| (C) | Farmers who de-pend only or rain for growing crop | (iii) | Assured a higher support prices for their crops. |
| (D) | A Rural Women From a Land Owning Family | (iv) | Regular Job and High Wages to increase her in –Come. |
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Q 4 – Development of a country can generally be determined by –
(A) its per capita income
(B) its average literacy level
(C) health status of its people
(D) All of the above
Ans. Option (D) is correct.
Q 5 – By national income, we mean the money value of –
(A) all goods produced during a year.
(B) all final goods produced during a year
(C)all services produced during a year.
(D)all final goods and services produced during a year
Ans. Option (D) is correct.
Q 6 – According to per capita income prepared by the World Bank in 2017, in which category is India included –
(A) rich countries
(B) middle income countries
(C) low middle income countries
(D) None of the above
Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Q 7 – Which of the following is not a criterion for comparing development of different countries? ,
(A) Educational level of the people
(B) People’s material possessions
(C) Their health status
(D) Their per capita income
Ans. Option (B) is correct
Q 8 – Kerala has a low Infant Mortality Rate because-
(A) people of the state are very rich.
(B) The climate of Kerala is very congenial and cosy.
(C) state has adequate provisions of basic health and educational facilities.
(D) People take nutritious diet and are not addicted to drugs.
Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Q 9 – A person is considered undernourished if his BMI is-
(A) less than 30.5
(B) less than 2.5.7
(C) less than 20.9
(D)less than 18.5
Ans. Option (D) is correct.
Q 10 – Study the following table and answer the question that follows : lJ
| Region/Country | Reserves (2017) (Thousand Million Barrels) | Number of Years Reserves will last |
| Middle East | 808 | 70 |
| United States of America | 50 | 10.5 |
| World | 1697 | 50.2 |
For how many years will the reserves of crude oil last in middle east, if they continue extracting it at the present rate ?
(A) 50 years
(B) 10 years
(C) 70 years
(D)40 years
Ans. Option (C) is correct
Q 11 –
| Column A | Column B | ||
| (i) | The total num- ber of children enrolled in or attending primary school, as a percentage of total number of children of primary school age | (A) | Per Capita In- come |
| (ii) | This is the total percentage of the population of an area at a particular time aged 7 years or above, who can read and write with understanding at least one language | (B) | Life expectancy at birth |
| (iii) | This is the total National Income (GDP) divided by the total population | (C) | Net Attendance Ratio |
| (iv) | This is the num- ber of years, a new Literacy Rate born child is expected to live if subject to the mortality risks prevailing for the population concerned. | (D) | Literacy Rate |
(A) (i)-(B), (ii)-(A), (iii)-(D), (iv)-(C)
(B) (i)-(D), (ii)-(C), (iii)-(B), (iv)-(A)
(C) (i)-(C),(ii)-(D),(iii)-(A),(iv)-(B)
(D) (i)-(D),(ii)-(A),(iii)-(C),(iv)-(D)
Ans. option (C) is Correct.
Q 12 –
| Country | Gross National Income | ||
| Sri Lanka | (A) | 2,471 | |
| India | (B) | 5,331 | |
| Myanmar | (C) | 11,326 | |
| Pakistan | (D) | 5,567 | |
| Nepal | (E) | 6,353 | |
(A) (i)-(D),(ii)-(A),(iii)-(B),(iv)-(E),(v)-(C)
(B) (i)-(C), (ii)-(E), (iii)-(D) (iv)-(B), (v)-(A)
(C) (i)-(B), (ii)-(C), (iii)-(E), (iv)-(D), (v)-(A)
(D) (i)-(E), (ii)-(D), (iii)-(A), (iv)-(C), (v)-(B)
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Q 13 – Arrange the following in the correct sequence:
(i) Convert the height recorded in centimeters into meters.
(ii) Take the weight of each individual in kilograms (kg).
(iii) Take the height by drawing up a scale on the wall and measure accurately with the head straight.
(iv) Divide the weight in kg by the square of the height
(A) (i) – (ii) -(iv) – (iii)
(B) (iv) -(ii) -(i) – (iii)
(C) (ii) – (iii) – (i) – (iv)
(D) (iii) – (iv) – (ii) -(i)
Ans. Option (C) is Correct.
Q 14 – Analyze the information given below, considering one of the following correct options:
‘However, for comparison between countries, total income is not such a useful measure. Since, countries have different populations, comparing total income will not tell us what an average person is likely to earn. Are people in one country better off than others in a different country ? Hence, we compare the average income which is the total income of the country divided by its total population. The average income is also called per capita income.’
(A) Comparison between countries
(B) Comparison of total population
(C) Comparison of average income
(D) Per capita income
Ans. Option (D) is correct
Q 15 – Analyze the information given below, considering one of the following correct options:
The idea of development or progress has always been with us. We have aspirations or desires about what we would like to do and how we would like to live. Similarly, we have ideas about what a country should be like. What are the essential things that we require ? Can life be better for all ? How should people live together ? Can there be more equality ? Development involves thinking about these questions and about the ways in which we can work towards achieving these goals.
(A) Development
(B) Progress
(C) Aspirations
(D) Desires
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Q 16 – Find the incorrect option from the following:
(A) Countries with per capita income of US $ 12,056 per annum and above in 2017, are called rich countries.
(B) And those with per capita income of US$ 755 or less are called low-income countries.
(C) India comes in the category of low middle income countries.
(D) Its per capita income in 2017 was just US$ 1820 per annum.
Ans. Option (B) is correct.
Q 17 – Dierections: In the Following Question A Statement of Assertion (A) is Followed by a Statement of Reason (R).Mark the Correct Choice as.
(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.
(C) A is true but R is false.
(D) A is false and R is true
Q 18 – Assertion (A) : Different people have different development goals.
Reason (R): People want freedom, equality, security and respect.
Ans. Option (A) is correct
Q 19 – Assertion (A) : Groundwater is an example of renewable resources.
Reason (R) : If we use more than what is being replenished by rain then we would be overusing this resource.
Ans. Option (A) is correct
Q 20 – Assertion (A) : Normally, your money cannot buy you a pollution-free environment or ensure you that you get unadulterated medicines.
Reason (R) : Money may also not be able to protect you from infectious diseases, unless the whole of your community takes preventive steps.
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Q 21 – Assertion (A) : Sustainable development E essential for the economic growth of the countries
Reason (R) : Sustainable development ensure= that environment hostile measures are adopted for carrying out mining processes.
Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Q 22 – Assertion (A) : Non Renewable resources can b replenished over a period of time. Non Renewab resources are abundant in nature.
Reason (R) : Non Renewable resources are fixed r nature.
Ans. Option (D) is correct.
Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:
Different persons can have different developmental goals. What may be development for one may not be development for the other. It may even be destructive for the other. Each one of us seeks different things. We seek things that are most important for them, i.e., that which can fulfil their aspirations or desires. In fact, at times, two persons or groups of persons may seek things which are conflicting. A girl expects as much freedom and opportunity as her brother, and that he also shares in the household work. Her brother may not like this. Similarly, to get more electricity, industrialists may want more dams. But this may submerge the land and disrupt the lives of people who are displaced — such as tribal. They might resent this and may prefer small check dams or tanks to irrigate their land.
Besides seeking more income, one way or the other, people also seek things like equal treatment, freedom, security, and respect of others. They resent discrimination. All these are important goals. In fact, in some cases, these may be more important than more income or more consumption because material goods are not all that you need to live. Money, or material things that one can buy with it, is one factor on which our life depends. But the quality of our life also depends on non- material things mentioned above. For development, people look at a mix of goals. Hence, the developmental goals that people have are not only about better income but also about other important things in life
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option
Q 23 – What can be the development goals for landless rural laborers?
(A) More days of work and better wages
(B) Local school is able to provide quality educatior for their children
(C) No social discrimination
(D) All of the above
Ans. Option (D) is correct.
Q 24 – Which of the following statement is true with respect to development?
(A) Different persons can have different developmental goals
(B) What may be development for one may not be development for The other.
(C) Development may even be destructive for the other.
(D) All of the above
Ans.. Option (D) is correct
Q 25 – Apart from income, which of the following, people do not look for development?
(A) Equal treatment
(B) Discrimination
(C) Freedom
(D) Security
Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Q 26 – Why do different persons have different notions of development
(A) Because people are different.
(B) Because life situations of persons are different.
(C) Both (A) and (B).
(D) None of the above.
Ans. Option (C) is correct.
Read the source given below and answer the questions that follows:
For comparing countries, their income is considered to be one of the most important attributes. Countries with higher income are more developed than others with less income. This is based on the understanding that more income means more of all things that human beings need. Whatever people like, and should have, they will be able to get with greater income. So, greater income itself is considered to be one important goal.
The income of the country is the income of all the residents of the country. This give us the total income of the country. However, for comparison between countries, total income is not such a useful measure. Since, countries have different populations, comparing total income will not tell us what an average person is likely to earn. Are people in one country better off than others in a different country? Hence, we compare the average income which is the total income of the country divided by its total population. The average income is also called per capita income.
In World Development Reports, brought out by the World Bank, this criterion is used in classifying countries. Countries with per capita income of US$ 12,056 per annum and above in 2017, are called rich countries and those with per capita income of US$ 955 or less are called low-income countries. India comes in the category of low middle-income countries because its per capita income in 2017 was just US$ 1820 per annum. The rich countries, excluding countries of Middle East and certain other small countries, are generally called developed countries.
Human Development Report published by UNDP compares countries based on the educational levels of the people, their health status and per capita income.
Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option
Q 27 – Per capita income is also called as:
(A)Average income
(B) Total income
(C) Marginal income
(D) None of the above
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Q 28 – What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries?
(A) Per capita income
(B) Educational levels
(C) Health status
(D) None of the above.
Ans. Option (A) is Correct.
Q 29 – According to the World Development Report 2006, countries with per capital income of 4,53,000 per annum and above in 2004 are called:
(A) Rich countries
(B) Low income countries
(C) Middle income countries
(D) None of the above.
Ans. Option (A) is correct.
Q 30 – Who compares the development of the countries on the basis of literacy rate, gross enrolment ratio and health status of their people?
(A) UNDP
(B) World Bank
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of the above
Ans, Option (A) is Correct.