Q 1 – Which of the following are perfectly matched :
List I | List II | |
A. | First European Country to conquer America | Greece |
B. | Countries to the east of Mediterranean | Spain |
c. | First Asian country to be Industrialized | Japan |
(a) A and B
(b) Only B
(c) Only D
(d) D and A
(c) Only D
Q 2 – In the above picture of sorrien’s utopian vision, the saints, angle and Christ symbolize
(a) Equality among people
(b) Fraternity among nations
(c) Freedom of nations
(d) Resentment against nations
(b) Fraternity among nations
Q 3 – Which of the following is not a physical factor to determine land use?
(a) climate condition
(b) soil type
(c) topography
(d) population density
(d) population density
Q 4 – From the given option select the functioning activity of the Tertiary sector.
(a) goods that are produced would need to be transported by trucks or trains and then sold in wholesale and retail shops
(b) this sector gradually became associated with the different kinds of industries
(c) activities in which natural products are changed into other forms through ways of manufacturing
(d) produce a good by exploiting natural resources
(a) goods that are produced would need to be transported by trucks or trains and then sold in wholesale and retail shops
Q 5– How many countries of the world have democratic set-up of government?
(a) More than hundred countries
(b) Less than hundred countries
(c) Less than fifty countries
(d) More than fifty countries
(a) More than hundred countries
Q 6 – When was the first clear expression of nationalism noticed in Europe?
(a) 1787
(b) 1759
(c) 1789
(d) 1767
(c) 1789
Q 7 – What does the cartoon represent?
(a) Concentration of powers which are controlling the democratic regimes of their respective country.
(b) The main leaders of two countries are going somewhere.
(c) More powers were given to the democracy.
(d) Putin is advising bush to control the horse tightly
(a) Concentration of powers which are controlling the democratic regimes of their respective country.
Q 8 – Consider the following statements regarding unorganized sector and identify the incorrect one from the following.
(a) Small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government.
(b) There are rules and regulations but these are not followed.
(c) Jobs here are high-paid and often not regular.
(d) No provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays, leaves due to sickness
(c) Jobs here are high-paid and often not regular.
Q 9 – How much span of time can be referred for globalization
(a) Since the last 25 years
(b) Since the last 50 years
(c) Since the last 75 years
(d) Since the last 100 years
(b) Since the last 50 years
Q 10 – Rule of law is the feature of which form of government?
(a) Dictatorship
(b) Democracy
(c) Monarchy
(d) All of these
(b) Democracy
Q 11 – Arrange the following countries on the basis of “Print technology” started in these countries-
1. Japan
2. China
3. Korea
4. India
Option :
(a) 2, 4, 3, 1
(b) 3, 4, 2, 1
(c) 2, 1, 3, 4
(d) 2, 3, 1, 4
(c) 2, 1, 3, 4
Q 12 – Different arguments are usually put forth in favour of and against power sharing. Identify those which are in favour of power sharing and select the answer using the codes given below.
A. Power sharing reduces conflict among different communities
B. Power sharing decreases the possibility of arbitrariness
C. Power sharing delays decision making process
D. Power sharing accommodates diversities
E. Power sharing increases instability and divisiveness
F. Power sharing promotes people’s participation in government
G. Power sharing undermines the unity of a country
(a) A, B, D, F
(b) A, C, E, F
(c) A, B, D, G
(d) B, C, D, G
(a) A, B, D, F
Q 13 – What is the guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janta Party ?
(a) Bahujan Samaj
(b) Revolutionary democracy
(c) Integral humanism
(d) Rast rawad (Nationalism)
(c) Integral humanism
Q 14 – Read the information given below and select the correct option:
A shoe manufacturer, M. Salim has to make a payment to the leather supplier, Prem and writes a cheque for a specific amount. This means that the shoe manufacturer instructs his bank to pay this amount to the leather supplier. The leather supplier takes this cheque, and deposits it in his own account in the bank. The money is transferred from one bank account to another bank account in a couple of days. The transaction is complete without any payment of cash. How are cheques beneficial against demand deposits?
(a) DDs share the essential features of money.
(b) Cheques are linked to the working of modern banking system.
(c) There is direct settlement of payments without the use of cash.
(d) Cheques are the best means of payment against deposits.
(c) There is direct settlement of payments without the use of cash.
Q 15 – Assertion: In 15th century religious reformer Martin Luther wrote Ninety Five Theses criticizing many of the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church.
Reason: This led to a division within the Church and to the beginning of the Protestant Reformation.
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) Both assertion and reason are false.
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
Q 16 – Assertion (A): Federations that are formed by ‘holding together’ do not give equal power to its constituent units.
Reason (R): Some states are granted special powers.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Q 17 – Arrange the following events in the ascending year of their occurrence-
1. Britain, exporting iron and steel worth about $77 million.
2. Demand for iron and steel increased rapidly with the expansion of railway in England.
3. Britain was importing 2.5 million pounds of raw cotton to feed its cotton industry.
4. Britain import of raw cotton soared to 22 million pounds
Option :
(a) 2, 4, 3, 1
(b) 3, 4, 2, 1
(c) 3, 4, 1, 2
(d) 2, 3, 1, 4
(b) 3, 4, 2, 1
Q 18 – Complete the following table with correct information:
Act | A – ? |
Year | B – ? |
Aim | To protect the remaining endangered species and their habitat. |
Passed by | Indian Parliament |
Choose correct option :
(a) A – Wildlife Protection Act, B – 1972
(b) A – Wildlife Security Act, B – 1952
(c) A – Wildlife Save Act, B – 1962
(d) A – Wildlife Security Act, B – 1982
(a) A – Wildlife Protection Act, B – 1972
Q 19 – Which of the following is not applicable for a worker, who works in the organised sector?
(a) She gets a regular salary at the end of the month.
(b) She is not paid for leave.
(c) She gets medical allowance.
(d) She got an appointment letter stating the terms and conditions of work when she joined this work.
(b) She is not paid for leave.
Q 20 – Which of the following is incorrect regarding a federal government?
(a) Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.
(b) Federation has only one level of government.
(c) One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest.
(d) The others are governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day to-day administering of their state.
(b) Federation has only one level of government.
Q 21 – Which factors were responsible for price rise of food grains in Britain in late nineteenth century was / were ?
The factor responsible for the rice of food grains were
(i) Increasing demand for agricultural products
(ii) Increasing demand of food grains
(iii) Increasing population
Q 22 – What factors sustain democracy in India ?
The following factors sustain democracy in India.
(1) Democracy is liked by almost all Indians. It is based on the principle of equality freedom brotherhood.
(2) To achieve the prescribed goals (secularism, socialism democratic republic, national unity and International security, etc.) the farmers of the Indian constitution revived completely on the norms of democracy.
(3) The farmers of the Indian constitution provided for a representative democracy in a liberal framework.
Q 23 – Describe any three main features of ‘Rabi crop season.’
The three main features of Rabi crop are:
- Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to June.
- Wheat, barley, peas, grams, and mustard are examples of Rabi crop.
- During the winter months, the precipitation from western cyclone helps in the success of these crops.
Q 24 – Underemployment continues to be rampant in the rural areas. Suggest any three ways through which employment for rural people can be generated.
It is true that underemployment is an uncontrollable issue in rural areas. Following steps can be taken to rectify it:
1. People can be employed in projects like construction of dam/canal/ roads in the village.
2. Government can invest and employ people in providing transportation and storage services.
3. Government can identify, promote industries and services in semi-rural areas to enhance employment.
Q 25 – How had the printing press created a new culture of reading in Europe? Explain with examples.
(i) Low cost of production : With the printing press, a new reading public emerged. Printing reduced the cost of books. The time mid labour required to produce each book came down, and multiple copies could be produced with greater ease. Books flooded the.market, reaching out to an ever-growing readership.
(ii) Accessibility of books : Access to books created a new culture of reading. Earlier, reading was restricted to the elites. Common people lived in a world of oral culture They heard sacred texts read out ,ballads recited, and folk tales narrated Knowledge was transferred orally. People collectively heard a story, or saw a performance. Before the age of print, books were not only expensive but they could not be produced in sufficient numbers. Now books could reach out to wider sections of people.
(iii) Increase in literacy rate : Through the. seventeenth and eighteenth centuries literacy rates went up in most parts of Europe. Churches of different denominations set up schools in Villages, carrying literacy to peasants and artisans. By the end of the eighteenth century, in some parts of Europe literacy rates were as high as 60 to 80 per cent. As literacy and schools spread in European countries, there was a virtual reading mania.
Q 26 – Describe any five features of primitive subsistence farming.
The features of primitive subsistence farming are given below :
(1) It is practiced on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like hoe dao and digging sticks with the help of family members.
(2) It depends upon monsoons, natural fertility of soil and environment suitability.
(3) It is also called ‘slash and born’ agriculture.
(4) farmers clear a patch of land and produce crops for substance.
(5) When the soil fertility decreases, farmer shift to new area, clear forest by burning and again sow crops.
Q 27 – Describe the implications of First World War on the economic and political situation of India.
The first world war created a new political and economic situation in India.
(1) It led to huge increase in defense expenditure ,custom duties were raised, income tax was introduced to finance the war.
(2) Villagers were called upon to supply soldiers, forced recruitment in rural areas caused widespread resentment.
(3) Prices of essential commodities doubled between 1913 and 1918 leading to extreme hardship to the common people.
(4) In 1918 – 19, 1920 – 21 crops failed in many Parts of India resulting in acute food shortage.
(5) Influenza epidemic spread. According to the census in 1921,12 – 13 million people perished due to famines and epicdemics.
Q 28 – Why are we not able to perform to our full potential in the production of iron and steel in India? Explain any three reasons.
India is an important iron and steel producing country in the world yet, we are not able to perform to our full potential due to:
- High costs and limited, availability of coking coal.
- Lower productivity of labour.
- Irregular supply of energy.
- Poor infrastructure.
- There is a need to allocate resources for research and development to produce steel more computatively.
Q 29 – What is the difference between the Federal and the Unitary form of Government ?
- The main difference between federal and unitary Governments is: power sharing.
- In Federal forms of Government, power is shared between central and state governments.
- In Unitary form of Government, there is only one level of Government or if the subunits exists, it will be subordinate to the Central Government.
- In the Federal System of Government, State Governments are answerable to the people and not answerable to the Central Government. Central Government cannot order State Governments to do something,
- Local Governments or Provincial Governments have to follow the order given by the Central Government.
Q 30 – Describe any five outcomes of democracy.
- Democracy is a from of government, in which the citizens have a right to elect their representatives, of their own choice. It is people’s own government thus a legitimate government.
- Democracy helps to increase the quality of decision-making
- Democracy improves the dignity of all individuals.
- Most importantly, democracy promotes equality among all people of the country.
- Governments in a democracy are accountable, legitimate, and responsive to citizens’ expectations and requirements.
Q 31 – Communalism can take various forms in politics.’ Explain.
“ In India women still lag behind men despite some improvement since Independence.” Support the statement with examples.
1. Communalism involve religious prejudices, stereotypes of religious communities and belief in the superiority of one’s religion over other religions.
2. A communal mind often leads to quest for political dominance of one’s own religious community. For those belonging to the minority community, it can take the form of desire to form a separate political unit.
3. Political mobilization on religious lines is another form of communalism. This involves the use of sacred symbols, religious leaders, emotional appeals and plain fear in order to bring the followers of one religion together in the political arena.
4. Sometimes communalism leads to communal violence, riots and massacre.
Q 32 – What is Human Development ? Explain its indicators.
Human development can be measured through different key areas like the health indicator that predicts the health and life span of the newly born, the education indicator that predicts the level of education and the access to resources indicating the purchasing power in USD.
- Human development focuses on developing and improving the human lifestyle keeping in mind the economic growth.
- Health Indicator: The health indicator helps measure the health of people through the birth rates which shows and predicts the health and life span.
- Education Indicator: With the assistance of the gross enrollment ratio and the adult literacy rate, the level of education and access to knowledge is assessed.
- Access to Resources: The access to resources signifies the purchasing power in terms of USD.
- These are the indicators or key areas through which human development can be measured.
Q 33 – Highlight the reasons for the growth of nationalist tensions in the Balkan region before the First World War.
The Civil Disobedience Movement saw the Participation of different social classes and groups. Give reasons for the participation of the following.
(1) rich peasants
(2) poor peasants
(3) business classes
(4) industrial working classes
(5) women.
Q 34 – Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follows:
In the first century B.C., Sringaverapura near Allahabad had sophisticated water harvesting system channelling the flood water of the river Ganga. During the time of Chandragupta Maurya, dams, lakes and irrigation systems were extensively built. Evidences of sophisticated irrigation works have also been found in Kalinga (Odisha), Nagarjunakonda (Andhra Pradesh), Bennur (Karnataka), Kolhapur (Maharashtra), etc. In the 11th Century, Bhopal Lake, one of the largest artifcial lakes of its time was
built. In the 14th Century, the tank in Hauz Khas, Delhi was constructed by Iltutmish for supplying water to Siri Fort area.
Sardar Sarovar Dam has been built over the Narmada River in Gujarat. This is one of the largest water resource projects of India covering four states–Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Rajasthan.
The Sardar Sarovar project would meet the requirement of water in drought-prone and desert areas of Gujarat (9,490 villages and 173 towns) and Rajasthan (124 villages).
Multi-purpose projects and large dams have also been the cause of many new environmental movements like the ‘Narmada Bachao Andolan’ and the ‘Tehri Dam Andolan’ etc. Resistance to these projects has primarily been due to the large-scale displacement of local communities. Local people often had to give up their land, livelihood and their meagre access and control over resources for the greater good of the nation.
Question:
1. During earlier time how did the irrigation done?
2. Why did J L Nehru proclaim the dams as the temples of modern India?
3. How do multi-purpose projects face resistance?
(1) During earlier days irrigation had been done through he proper channels ,lakes, dams, etc. during Chandragupta Maurya, dams, channels, lakes were extensively built.
(2) Dams would integrate development of agriculture and the village economy. Item Esther requirement of water in drought-prone and desert areas.It also integrate economy with rapid industrialization and growth of urban economy.
Therefore, Jawaharlal Nehru proudly proclaimed the damsas the ‘temples of modern India’.
(3) The multi-purpose projects face many resistance because these projects have primarily been opposed due to the large-scale displacement of local communities. Local people of ten had to give up their land, lively hood and their meagre access and control over resources.
Q 35 – Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follows:
Source A– Dignity and Freedom of the Citizens
Every individual wants to receive respect from fellow beings. Often conflicts arise among individuals because some feel that they are not treated with due respect. The passion for respect and freedom are the basis of democracy. Democracies throughout the world have recognized this, at least in principle. This has been achieved in various degrees in various democracies.
Source B– Non-democratic Regimes
Democracy stands much superior to any other form of government in promoting dignity and freedom of the individual. Every individual wants to receive respect from fellow beings. Non-democratic regimes often turn a blind eye to or suppress internal social differences. Ability to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts is thus a definite plus point of democratic regimes. It is necessary to understand that democracy is not simply rule by majority opinion.
Source C – Strength of Democracy
Whenever possible and necessary, citizens should be able to participate in decision making that effects them all. Democracy in India has strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and equal opportunity. There are instances still of caste-based inequalities and atrocities, but these lack the moral and legal foundations. Perhaps it is the recognition that makes ordinary citizens value their democratic rights.
- What are the basis of democracy?
- Why democracy is considered as the superior form of government?
- How does the Indian democracy strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged and discriminated castes?
- The passion for respect and freedom are the basis of democracy.
- The democracy is considered as the superior from of government because it promotes dignity and freedom of the individual.
- democracy in India has strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and equal opportunity as they are able to participate in decision making that affects them all.
Q 36 – Study the sources given below and answer the questions that follows:
Over a long time (more than hundred years), and especially because new methods of manufacturing were introduced, factories came up and started expanding. Those people who had earlier worked on farms, now began to work in factories in large numbers. People began to use many more goods that were produced in factories at cheap rates. Secondary sector gradually became the most important in total production and employment. Hence, over time, a shift had taken place. This means that the importance of the sectors had changed.
The unorganised sector is characterised by small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. There are rules and regulations, but these are not followed. Jobs here are low-paid and often not regular. There is no provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays, leave due to sickness etc. Employment is not secure. People can be asked to leave without any reason. When there is less work, such as during some seasons, some people may be asked to leave. A lot also depends on the whims of the employer. This sector includes a large number of people who are employed on their own doing small jobs such as selling on the street or doing repair work. Similarly, farmers work on their own and hire labourers as and when they require.
More than half of the workers in the country are working in the primary sector, mainly in agriculture, producing only a quarter of the GDP. In contrast to this, the secondary and tertiary sectors produce three fourth of the products whereas they employ less than half of the people. Does this mean that the workers in agriculture are not producing as much as they could? What it means is that there are more people in agriculture than is necessary. So, even if you move a few people out, production will not be affected. In other words, workers in agricultural sector are underemployed.
Questions:
1. This means that the importance of the sectors had changed. Which sector has lost its prior importance?
2. Why do most people engage in unorganized sector in spite of it’s bad working conditions?
3. “What it means is that there are more people in agriculture than is necessary. So, even if you move a few people out, production will not be affected”. What type of employment or unemployment situation is referred by this statement?
- Primary sector.
- Because the opportunity to work in organized sector is very less in India. Again engagement in that sector involves more human resource, which is also very less here.
- Disguised unemployment.
Q 37 – (1) Two features A and B are marked on the given outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the information provided and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map.
(A) Place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in September 1920.
(B) The place where the cotton mill workers Satyagraha organized in 1918.
(2) On the same outline map of India, locate and label any three of the following with suitable symbols.
(i) The khetri mines.
(ii) A Software-Technology Park in Karnataka.
(iii) The Southernmost city of the North-south Corridor.
(iv) Kandla Seaport.
(1) (A) Kolkata
(B) Ahemdabad.
(2)
