Q 1 – What is the cause of the climatic difference in Agra and Darjeeling?
(a) Latitude
(b) Altitude
(c) Distance from the sea
(d) The Himalayan Mountains
Q 2 – Mango shower rain occurs in
(a) April and May
(b) June and July
(c) August and September
(d) March and April
Q 3 – Which place in India receives the lowest rainfall?
(a) Leh
(b) Jaisalmer
(c) Bikaner
(d) Jodhpur
Q 4 – The average rainfall in Punjab and Haryana is
(a) 100-200 cm.
(b) 60-100 cm.
(c) 40-60 cm.
(d) 100-150 cm
Q 5 – Global temperature will warm about:
(a) 5°C
(b) 10°C
(c) 2°C
(d) 4°C
Q 6 – Which type of climate is found on Coromandel coast?
(a) Amw
(b) Bwhw
(c) CWG
(d) As
Q 7 – Which one of the following phenomenon happens when the sun shines vertically over the Tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere?
(a) High pressure develops over North-western India due to low temperatures.
(b) Low pressure develops over North-western India due to high temperatures.
(c) No changes in temperature and pressure occur in north-western India.
(d) ‘Loo’ blows in the North-western India.
Ans. (a) High pressure develops over North-western India due to low temperatures.
Q 8 – The retreating monsoon season starts from
(a) October and November
(b) June to September
(c) March to May
(d) December to February
Ans. (a) October and November
Q 9 – Which one of the following states suffers from loo?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Assam
(c) Gujarat
(d) None of the above
Q 10 – The high velocity winds blowing in the upper troposphere are termed as
(a) Jet stream
(b) Monsoon
(c) Loo
(d) None of them
Q 11 – The dreaded evening thunderstorms in West Bengal are locally known as
(a) Loo
(b) Kalbaisakhi
(c) Chheerha
(d) Mango Shower
Q 12 – In summer the mercury occasionally touches 55°C in
(a) Eastern desert
(b) Western deserts
(c) Eastern Ghat
(d) Central plain
Q 13 – Mainland of India lies roughly between
(a) 8°N and 37°N latitude
(b) 8°N and 37°6’N latitudes
(c) 8°N and 38°N latitudes
(d) 8°N and 39°N latitudes
Ans. (a) 8°N and 37°N latitude
Q 14 – Dry winter is experienced in the
(a) Ganga plain
(b) the Eastern Ghats
(c) the Western Ghats
(d) Deccan Plateau
Q 15 – The common name for the gases like carbon dioxide, methane, ozone and chlorofluorocarbons is
(a) Greenhouse gases
(b) Heat producing gases
(c) Atmospheric gases
(d) None of them
Ans. (a) Greenhouse gases
Q 16 – Name the rainiest place in India.
(a) Mawsynram
(b) Himachal
(c) Darjeeling
(d) Barmer
Q 17 – The coastal states struck by tropical cyclones are
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) West Bengal
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) All of them
Q 18 – Which part of India gets winter rainfall due to retreating monsoons?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Coromandel Coast
(c) Malwa Coast
(d) None of them
Ans. (b) Coromandel Coast
Q 19 – Winter monsoons do not cause rainfall as they move from land to the sea. Why?
Ans. It is because of two reasons :
1. Firstly, they have little humidity , and
2. Secondly, due to anti cyclonic circulation on land, the possibility of rainfall from them reduces.
Q 20 – What is EI-Nino? How is it related to Indian monsoon?
Ans. El-Nino is used for forecasting long-range of monsoon rainfall. The system involves the ocean and atmospheric phenomena with the appearance of warm winds off the coast of Peru in the Eastern Pacific which affect the weather. EI-Nino is a complex weather system. It appears once every 5 to 10 years bringing drought, floods and other weather extremes to different parts of the world.
Q 21 – What do you understand by ‘Mango showers’?
Ans. ‘Mango showers’ are actually premonsoon showers experienced towards the summer monsoon. It is common in Kerala and coastal areas of Karnataka in March and April. It helps in the ripening of mangoes. Therefore, locally it is known as Mango-showers.
Q 22 – What is the average amount of rainfall over the plains of India?
Ans. The plain is divided into three zones to study the average rainfall.
- The plains of Bihar, Bengal and eastem U.P.- rainfall is 100 – 200cm.
- The plains of central and western U.P. – rainfall is 60-100 cm.
- Plains of Haryana, Punjab – rainfall is 40-60 cm. annually.
Q 23 – Differentiate between Climate and Weather?
Ans.
1. Weather is the momentary state of the atmosphere while climate refers to the average of the weather conditions over a
longer period of time.
2. Weather changes quickly, may be within a day or week but climate changes imperceptively and may be noted after 50 years or even more.
Q 24 – Explain in detail the South-West Monsoon?
Ans.
1. The low pressure belt nearer the surface [termed as Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)] shifts northwards, roughly parallel to the Himalayas between 20° N and 25° N.
2. In fact, meteorologists have found an interrelationship between the northward shift of the equatorial trough (ITCZ)
and the withdrawal of the westerly jet stream from over the North Indian Plain.
3. The ITCZ being a zone of low pressure, attracts inflow of winds from different directions.
4. The maritime tropical airmass (mT) from the southern hemisphere, after crossing the equator, rushes to the low pressure area in the general southwesterly direction. It is this moist air current which is popularly known as the southwest monsoon.
Q 25 – What is Inter Tropical Covergence Zone (ITCZ)?
Ans.
1. The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low pressure zone located at the equator where trade winds converge, and so, it is a zone where air tends to ascend.
2. In July, the ITCZ is located around 20°N-25°N latitudes (over the Gangetic plain), sometimes called the monsoon trough.
3. This monsoon trough encourages the development of thermal low over north and northwest India.
Q 26 – What are the reasons for dry spells?
Ans.
(i) In northern India rains are likely to fail if the rain-bearing storms are not very frequent along the monsoon trough or the ITCZ over this region.
(ii) Over the west coast the dry spells are associated with days when winds blow parallel to the coast.
Q 27 – Define Break or Burst of the Monsoon?
Ans. This sudden onset of the moisture-laden winds associated with violent thunder and lightening, is often termed as the “break” or “burst” of the monsoons.
Q 28 – Describe five major climate types based on koeppen scheme?
Ans. Koeppen based his scheme of Climatic classification on monthly values of temperature and precipitation. He identified five major climatic types, namely:
(i) Tropical climates, where mean monthly temperature throughout the year is over 18°C.
(ii) Dry climates, where precipitation is very low in comparison to temperature, and hence, dry. If dryness is less, it is semiarid (S); if it is more, the climate is arid(W).
(iii) Warm temperate climates, where mean temperature of the coldest month is between 18°C and minus 3°C.
(iv) Cool temperate climates, where mean temperature of the warmest month is over 10°C, and mean temperature of the coldest month is under minus 3°C.
(v) Ice climates, where mean temperature of the warmest month is under 10°C.
Q 29 – What are the Green house gases?
Ans. Other gases like methane, chlorofluorocarbons, and nitrous oxide which are present in much smaller concentrations in the atmosphere, together with carbon dioxide are known as green house gases.