We at cbseinsights.com have framed the CBSE Latest Practice Paper 2021 with in-depth research for the practice of overall concept of ‘The Nationalism of India’ and for the understanding of students about the role played by Mahatma Gandhi , Jawahar Lal Nehru , Dr. B.R Ambedkar and the various Political pressure groups present in India prior to Independence.
CBSE Latest Practice Paper 2021 for Class 10 History The Rise of Nationalism in Europe Chapter 1
Q 1 – What did ‘Das Volk’ stand for? (1 Marks)
(a) Democracy
(b) Factory workers
(c) Slum dwellers
(d) Common people
Ans- (d) Common people
Explanation:
German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder (1744-1803) claimed that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people – das volk. It was through folk songs, folk poetry, and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation (volksgeist) was popularised.
Q 2 – Napoleon invaded Italy in (1 Marks)
(a) 1821
(b) 1790s
(c) 1905
(d) 1797
Ans- (d) 1797
Q 3 – Who was proclaimed King of united Italy in 1861? (1 Marks)
(a) Victor Emmanuel II
(b) Louis Philippe
(c) Mazzini
(d) Cavour
Ans- Victor Emmanuel II
Q 4 – Which of the following artists painted the image of Germania? (1 Marks)
(a) Philip Veit
(b) Frederic Sorrieu
(c) Ernst Renan
(d) Richar M Hoe
Ans- Philip Veit
Q 5 – Which one of the following was not the feature of Napoleonic Code? (1 Marks)
(a) Equality before the law
(b) Universal Adult Franchise
(c) Right to Property
(d) Privileges based on birth
Ans- Privileges based on birth
Explanation:
The Civil Code of 1804 – usually known as the Napoleonic Code – did away with all privileges based on birth, established equality before the law, and secured the right to property.
Q 6 – What does a blindfolded woman carrying a pair of weighing scales symbolise ? (1 Marks)
(a) Peace
(b) Equality
(c) Justice
(d) Liberty
Ans- Justice
Explanation:
The attributes of Liberty are the red cap, or the broken chain, while Justice is generally a blindfolded woman carrying a pair of weighing scales.
Q 7 – Who was Giuseppe Mazzini? (1 Marks)
(a) French Revolutionary
(b) Italian Revolutionary
(c) Russian Revolutionary
(d) None of above
Ans- Italian Revolutionary
Explanation:
Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary. Born in Genoa in 1807, he became a member of the secret society of the Carbonari. He founded two more underground societies, first, Young Italy in Marseilles, and then, Young Europe in Berne.
Q 8 – Which of the following is true with reference to Romanticism? (1 Marks)
(a) Concept of government by consent
(b) Freedom of markets
(c) Cultural movements
(d) Freedom of an individual
Ans- Cultural movements
Explanation:
Romanticism, a cultural movement that sought to develop a particular form of nationalist sentiment. Romantic artists and poets generally criticized the glorification of reason and science and focused instead on emotions, intuition, and mystical feelings.
Q 9 – Study the picture and answer the questions that follows:
(i) Identify the above figure. (1)
(ii) Name the artist who painted the image. (1)
(iii) What is the significance of the image? (1)
Ans- (i) It is a painting of Germania.
(ii) The name of the artist is Philip Veit.
(iii) Germania became the allegory of the German nation. In visual representations, she wears a crown of oak leaves, as the German oak stands for heroism.
Q 10 – Who was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles in January 1871? (1 Marks)
Ans- The Prussian king, William I, was proclaimed German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles in January 1871.
Q 11 – Who said, “True German culture is to be discovered among common people? (1 Marks)
Ans- Johann Gottfried Herder
Q 12 – When did Napoleonic war begin? (1 Marks)
Ans- The Napoleonic war began in 1797 when Napoleon invaded Italy.
Q 13 – What major changes occurred in the political and constitutional scenario due to French Revolution in Europe? (1 Marks)
Ans- The French revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French citizens.
Q 14 – How was Europe closely allied to the ideology of liberalism? (3 Marks)
Ans- In Europe, the educated liberal middle class spearheaded the nationalist movement. They stood for the freedom of individuals and equality of all before the law. Following were the political, social, and economic ideas supported by the liberals:
(1) Political ideas — The ideology of liberalism supported the ideas of national unity and abolition of aristocratic privileges. It also advocated for a constitutional and representative government through parliament. It did not stand for the idea of universal suffrage.
(2) Social ideas — They supported freedom for the individual and the idea of equality of all before the law.
(3) Economic ideas — There was freedom of markets and abolition of State-imposed restrictions on the movement of goods and capital. In 1834, a custom union or Zollverein was formed at the initiative of Prussia and it was joined by all German states. Zollverein abolished tariff barriers and reduced the number of currencies. The introduction of a system of weights and measures also strengthened the ideology of liberalism.
Q 15 – Describe any five reforms introduced by Napoleon in the territories he conquered. (3 Marks)
Ans – Following are the reforms that were introduced by Napoleon:
1. The Civil Code of 1804 – known as the Napoleonic Code – did away with all the privileges based on birth, established equality before the law and secured the right to property. This code was exported to regions under French control.
2. Napoleon simplified administrative divisions, abolished the feudal system and freed peasants from serfdom and manorial dues in the Dutch Republic, Switzerland, Italy, and Germany. In towns, guild restrictions were removed.
3. Uniform laws, standard weights, and measures, and a common national currency were introduced to facilitate the movement and exchange of goods and capital from one region to another.
Q 16 – How was the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 implemented? Explain with examples. (3 Marks)
Ans- The main objective of the Treaty of Vienna was to undo most of the changes that had come
about in Europe during the Napoleonic wars.
(2) The Treaty of Vienna of 1815 was implemented in the following ways
(i) The Bourbon dynasty which had been deposed durum French Revolution was restored to power.
(ii) France lost the territories it had annexed under Napoleon.
(iii) The Kingdom of Netherlands was set up in the north.
Q 17 – Describe the event of French Revolution which had influenced the people belonging to other parts of Europe. (3 Marks)
Ans- The events of French Revolution which had influenced the people belonging to other parts of Europe:
• Students and other members of educated middle class began to Set-up Jacobin dubs after the events in France reached the different cities of Europe.
• Their activities and campaigns prepared the way for the French armies.
• The French armies began to carry the idea of nationalism abroad.
Q 18 – What happened when the news of revolutionary events in France reached the different cities of Europe? Explain. (3 Marks)
Ans- When the news of the revolutionary events in France reached the different cities of Europe, students and other members of educated middle classes began setting up Jacobin clubs.
(ii) Their activities and campaigns prepared the way for the French armies which had entered into Holland, Belgium, Switzerland, and much of Italy in the 1790s.
(iii) With the outbreak of the Revolutionary Wars, the French armies began to carry the idea of nationalism abroad.
Q 19 – Differentiate between the concept of a modem state and a nation state. How did the sense of common identity develop in Europe? (3 Marks)
Ans- In a modern state, a centralized power exercised sovereign control over a clearly defined territory. It had been developing over a long period of time in Europe.
(2) A nation-state was one in which the majority of its citizens and not only its rulers, came to develop a sense of common identity and shared history or descent
(3) This commonness was forged through struggles, through the actions of the leaders and the common people, and did not exist from time immemorial.
Q 20 – In 1834, why was a Customs Union formed at the initiative of Prussia and joined by most of the German states? (4 Marks)
Ans- (1) Napoleon’s administrative measures had created out of countless small principalities a confederation of 39 states. Each of these possessed its own currency, and weights, and measures.
(2) A merchant traveling in 1833 from Hamburg to Nuremberg to sell his goods would have to pass through 11 customs barriers and pay a customs duty of about 5 percent at each one of them.
(3) Duties were often levied according to the weight or measurement of the good. As each region had its own system of weights and measures, this involved time-consuming calculation.
(4) Such conditions were viewed as the obstacles to economic exchange and growth by the new commercial classes, who argued for the creation of a unified economic territory allowing the unhindered movement of goods, people, and capital.
(5) So, In 1834, a Customs Union or Zollverein was formed at the initiative of Prussia and joined by most of the German states.