Resources and Development For Class 10 Geography Important Questions
Q 1 – Under which of the following type of resources can tidal energy be put?
(a) Replenishable
(b) Human-made
(c) Abiotic
(d) Non-renewable
Ans. (a) Replenishable
Q 2 – What percentage of our land should be under forest according to the National Forest Policy (1952)?
(a) 33 %
(b) 22.5 %
(c) 31 %
(d) 30 %
Ans. (a) 33 %
Q 3 – Materials in the environment that have the potential to satisfy human needs but human beings do not have the appropriate technology to access them are called:
(a) Potential resource
(b) Stock
(c) Developed resource
(d) Reserves
Ans. (b) Stock
Q 4 – India’s territorial water extends up to a distance of
(a) 12 km
(b) 12 nautical miles
(c) 19.2 miles
(d) 200 nautical miles
Ans. (b) 12 nautical miles
Q 5 – The total degraded land in our country is:
(a) 133 million hectares
(b) 130 million sq. km.
(c) 140 million hectares
(d) 130 million hectares
Ans. (d) 130 million hectares
Q 6 – The main cause of land degradation in Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh is:
(a) Mining
(b) Over irrigation
(c) Deforestation
(d) Overgrazing
Ans. (b) Over irrigation
Q 7 – Red soil is reddish in color due to:
(a) high clay content
(b) presence of kankar nodules in the subsoil
(c) diffusion of iron in igneous and metamorphic rocks
(d) high moisture content
Ans. (c) diffusion of iron in igneous and metamorphic rocks
Q 8 – Black soil is deficient in
(a) Calcium carbonate
(b) Magnesium
(c) Potash
(d) Phosphoric contents
Ans. (d) Phosphoric contents
Q 9 – What do you mean by ‘international resources’?
Ans. The oceanic resources beyond 200 nautical miles of the Exclusive Economic Zone are international resources.
Q 10 – Explain Agenda 21.
Ans. Agenda 21 is the declaration signed by world leaders in 1992 to combat environmental damage, poverty, disease through global cooperation on common interests, mutual needs, and shared responsibilities.
Q 11 – What is sustainable development ?
Ans. Sustainable economic development means ‘development should take place without damaging the environment and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generations.
Q 12 – How the land is utilized in India?
Ans.
Land resources are used for the following purposes:
1. Forests
2. Land not available for cultivation
(a) Barren and waste land
(b) Land put to non-agricultural uses, e.g. buildings, roads, factories, etc.
3. Other uncultivated land (excluding fallow land)
(a) Permanent pastures and grazing land,
(b) Land under miscellaneous tree crops groves (not included in net sown area),
(c) Cultruable waste land (left uncultivated for more than 5 agricultural years).
4. Fallow lands
(a) Current fallow-(left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year),
(b) Other than current fallow-(left uncultivated for the past 1 to 5
agricultural years).
5. Net sown area
Area sown more than once in an agricultural year plus the net sown area is
known as gross cropped area.
Q 13 – Give the two factors that determine soil fertility.
Ans. 1) Content of organic matter.
2) Minerals present in the soil.
Q 14 – How did Gandhiji voice his concern about resource conservation?
Ans. Gandhiji said, “There is enough for everybody’s need and not for anybody’s greed.”
Q 15 – How are alluvial soils classified on the basis of their age ?
Ans. According to their age alluvial soils can be classified as old alluvial soil — Bangar and new alluvial – Khadar.
Q 16 – Where are red and yellow soils found?
Ans. Red and yellow soils are found in the eastern and southern parts of the Deccan plateau, in parts of Orissa, Chattisgarh, southern parts of the middle Ganga plain, and along the piedmont zone of the Western Ghats.
Q 17 – Define resources. How are resources classified?
Ans. Anything which can be used to satisfy our needs is technologically accessible, economically feasible, and culturally acceptable can be termed as ‘Resource’.
The resources can be classified into various categories:
- On the basis of origin – biotic and abiotic
- On the basis of exhaustibility – renewable and non-renewable
- On the basis of ownership – individual, community, national and international.
- On the basis of status of development – potential, developed stock and reserves.
Q 18 – Describe any three steps that can be taken to solve the problem of land degradation?
Ans. Three steps that can be taken to solve the problem of land degradation:
a) Afforestation and proper management of grazing.
b) Planting shelter belts of plants and control overgrazing.
c) Proper management of wastelands and control of mining activities.
Q 19 – What are biotic and abiotic resources? Give two examples for each.
Ans. On the basis of origin resources are divided as given below :
1. Biotic resources: These are obtained from the biosphere and have life such as human beings, flora, and fauna, fisheries, and livestock.
2. Abiotic resources: All those things which are composed of non-living things are called abiotic resources e.g., rocks and metals.
Q 20 – Highlight any three problems associated with the indiscriminate use of resources by human beings.
Ans. The indiscriminate use of resources by human beings has resulted in the following :
1. Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of few individuals.
2. Accumulation of resources in few hands which has divided the society into rich and poor or have and have not.
3. Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to global ecological crises such as global warming,
ozone layer depletion, environmental pollution and land degradation.
Thus, equitable distribution of resources has become essential for sustained quality of life and global peace. If the present trend of resource depletion by some individuals and countries continues,
the future of our planet is in danger.
Q 21 – What is soil erosion? Write human activities that lead to soil erosion.
Ans. 1. Soil erosion: The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described as soil erosion.
2. Causes for soil erosion :
(a) Human activities such as deforestation, overgrazing, construction, mining, and other activities are responsible for soil erosion.
(b) Natural forces like wind, glaciers, and water also cause erosion :
1. The running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes gullies. The land becomes unfit for cultivation and is known as bad land. In the Chambal basin, such lands are called ravines.
2. Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope and washes away the topsoil. It is known as sheet erosion.
3. When the wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land, it is known as wind erosion.
4. Soil erosion is also caused by ploughing in a wrong way i.e., up and down the slope from channels for the quick flow of water leading is soil erosion.
Q 22 – Write a paragraph on resource planning.
Ans. Resource planning is a complex process, which involves:
(i) Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country. This involves surveying, mapping, and qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources.
(ii) Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill, and institutional setup for implementing resource development plans.
(iii) Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.
Q 23 – Is black soil easy to work, in a hot climate? Explain.
Ans. The black soils are made up of extremely fine i.e. clayey material. They are well known for their capacity to hold moisture. In addition, they are rich in soil nutrients, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash, and lime. These soils are generally poor in phosphoric contents. They develop deep cracks during hot weather, which helps in the proper aeration of the soil. These soils are sticky when wet and difficult to work on unless tilled immediately after the first shower or during the pre-monsoon period.
